UPES Integrated LLB Admissions 2025
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Difference Between Judge and Magistrate: The Judiciary is one of the pillars of democracy meant to uphold the law of the land. In this regard, a judge and a magistrate may appear to be the same but there are differences present between the two terms. The difference between magistrate and judge lies in the fact that judges preside over the courts namely - the supreme court, high court or the sessions court and pass judgements to resolve conflicts between parties that may have a bearing on the law of the land in the country. Their jurisdiction is much wider.
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A magistrate, on the other hand, has limited powers and is appointed by the high court on instructions from the state government after due deliberation. They are usually selected from the judicial service exam of the state including judicial officers such as first class magistrate and second class magistrate.
Section 19 of the Indian Penal Code defines a judge as any person who is officially designated as a judge. The judge also refers to any person who is empowered to give a definitive judgement in a legal proceeding, which if not contested would be considered definitive. The order of the judge has finality or authoritativeness. They possess a degree in LLB and have vast experience in a career in the legal field. Judges of the high courts and the Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India on the recommendations of the collegium.
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Examples of judges can include:
A collector having authority in a case under Act 10 of 1859 is a judge
A Magistrate with jurisdiction over an offence for which he has the authority to impose a fine or term of imprisonment, with or without appearance, is a Judge
Section 11 of the Code of Criminal Procedure states that :
In every district (not being a metropolitan area) there shall be established as many Courts of Judicial Magistrates of the first class and of the second class, and at such places, as the State Government may, after consultation with the High Court, by notification, specify.
The provision mentioned above comes with a condition that the State Government may, after consultation with the High Court, establish, for any local area, one or more Special Courts of Judicial Magistrates of the first class or of the second class to try any particular case or particular class of cases. Further, it states that, where any such Special Court is established, no other Court of Magistrate in the local area shall have jurisdiction to try any case or class of cases for the trial of which such Special Court of Judicial Magistrate has been established
The presiding officers of such Courts shall be appointed by the High Court.
The High Court may, whenever it appears to it to be expedient or necessary, confer the powers of a Judicial Magistrate of the first class or of the second class on any member of the Judicial Service of the State, functioning as a Judge in a Civil Court.
Section 12 of the Code of Criminal Procedure states that the high court can also appoint a judicial magistrate of the first class to be the chief judicial magistrate.
Section 13 of the Code of Criminal Procedure states that when requested by the state or central government, the high court can also grant to a person who currently holds or has held a position in the government in the past all the powers that can be conferred on a judicial magistrate. Such persons are called special magistrates and are appointed for a term not exceeding one year. These powers are granted with the condition that the said person possesses the qualification as the high court may specify in its rules.
Particulars | Magistrate | Judge |
Appointment | Appointed by state government or High Court | By President of India |
Education qualification | Degree from a recognized university | Law degree is mandatory |
Jurisdiction | Limited jurisdiction within the state | Wider jurisdiction includes power to impose death sentence on a guilty |
Nature of cases | Magistrate handles small cases | Judge due to his wider jurisdiction and power handles more complex cases |
Who is more powerful, the judge or magistrate? To answer this, it is important to see their jurisdiction!
Section 14 of the Code of Criminal Procedure states that the jurisdiction of the judicial magistrate will cover the entire district or within the limits as specified by the Chief judicial magistrate
Section 15 of the Code of Criminal Procedure states that every chief judicial magistrate will be subordinate to the sessions judge and that every judicial magistrate will be subordinate to the chief judicial magistrate subject to the regulation of the sessions judge. The chief judicial magistrate will from time to time frame rules or issue orders for the business to be conducted by the judicial magistrate
As per section 28 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, a high court or a sessions judge can pass the following sentences:
Any sentence permitted by law may be imposed by the High Court.
Any legal sentence may be imposed by a Sessions Judge or Additional Sessions Judge, but the High Court must affirm any death sentence imposed by the Sessions or additional sessions judge.
An Assistant Sessions Judge may impose any legal punishment, with the exception of the capital penalty, life in prison, and sentences that last longer than ten years.
Section 29 of the Code of Criminal Procedure specifies the sentences which a sessions judge can pass
Any legal punishment may be imposed by the Court of a Chief Judicial Magistrate, with the exception of the death penalty, life in prison, and sentences of more than seven years.
A sentence of up to three years in prison, a fine of up to 10,000 rupees, or both may be imposed by the court of a magistrate of the first class.
A punishment of up to one year in prison, a fine of up to two thousand rupees, or both may be imposed by the Court of Magistrate of the Second Class.
The Chief Metropolitan Magistrate's Court shall have all of the authority of the Chief Judicial Magistrate's Court, the Metropolitan Magistrate's Court, and the Court of a Magistrate of the First Class.
Also check - Difference Between a Lawyer an Advocate
As per data from the Department of Justice, under Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India, the salary of the top judges is as follows
Chief Justice of India | Rs. 2,80,000 pm |
Judges of Supreme Court | Rs. 2,50,000 pm |
Chief Justice of High Court | Rs. 2,50,000 pm |
Judges of High Court | Rs. 2,25,000 pm |
The district judge earns a salary of around Rs. 1.88 Lakhs per month as per the second judicial pay commission.
Often, the Civil Judge (Jr. Division) recruited under the judicial service acts as First Class Magistrate and Civil Judge (Sr. Division) recruited under the judicial service acts as Chief judicial magistrate. State governments also appoint retired government officers who possess law degrees to act as special magistrates.
On the recommendation of the Second Judicial Pay Commission, the salary for judicial officers has been revised. The salary of a Civil Judge (Jr. Division ) is around 1 Lakh per month, while the salary of the Civil Judge (Sr. Division) will be Rs.1.35 lakh per month. Special magistrates will have a minimum remuneration of Rs.30000 per month.
Also Read: How to Become a Judge in India After LLB
As per Section 19 of the Indian Penal Code, a judge refers to any person who is empowered to give a definitive judgement in a legal proceeding, which if not contested would be considered definitive. The order of the judge has finality or authoritativeness.
A magistrate is a person appointed by the high court and subordinated to the district sessions judge with limited powers and jurisdiction to preside over cases.
The judge has wider jurisdiction and more powers. The magistrate works under the sessions judge.
The payscale of the judge is higher than the magistrate.
No, magistrate and judge are different from each other. A magistrate is a judicial officer with limited powers compared to a Judge.
To pursue a 3-year LLB course, you typically need to have a graduate degree with a minimum of 45% aggregate marks for the general category, 42% for OBC, and 40% for SC/ST.Since your aggregate percentage is 44%, you're slightly short of the general category cutoff.
However, having a domicile certificate can be beneficial, as some institutions and universities offer relaxation in the eligibility criteria or provide additional weightage to candidates with a domicile certificate. This can vary depending on the specific institution or university you're applying to.
Regarding admission based on your final year result, some institutions might consider your final year percentage (47% in your case) for admission. However, this is not a standard practice and depends on the institution's admission policies.
To increase your chances of getting admission to a 3-year LLB course:
- Check institution-specific eligibility criteria: Research the specific institutions you're interested in and check their eligibility criteria, as some might have more relaxed requirements.
- Look for domicile-based benefits: Investigate if the institutions you're applying to offer any benefits or relaxation in eligibility criteria for candidates with a domicile certificate.
- Contact the institutions directly: Reach out to the institutions' admission departments to inquire about their admission policies and whether they consider final year results for admission.
The Bachelor of Laws (LL.B.) program in India is typically a three-year course pursued after completing an undergraduate degree. The first-year fees for LL.B. programs vary across institutions, generally ranging from INR30,000 to INR85,000 per year.
Admission Requirements:
Admission to LL.B. programs is primarily based on entrance examinations. Some of the prominent entrance exams include:
Common Law Admission Test (CLAT): Conducted for admission to National Law Universities (NLUs) across India.
All India Law Entrance Test (AILET): Organized by National Law University, Delhi, for its undergraduate and postgraduate law programs.
Law School Admission Test (LSAT) – India: Accepted by various law schools in India.
State-Level Entrance Exams: Many states conduct their own entrance exams for LL.B. admissions. For instance, Maharashtra has the Maharashtra Common Entrance Test (MH-CET) for law.
Some institutions may also offer direct admission based on merit or previous academic performance.
Institutions in Dehradun Offering LL.B.:
In Dehradun, several institutions offer LL.B. programs. Here are a few options:
Law College Dehradun (LCD)
Dehradun, India
Offers a three-year LL.B. (Hons.) program with first-year fees approximately INR84,400.
Uttaranchal University
Dehradun, India
Provides a three-year LL.B. (Hons.) program with first-year fees around INR1,42,000 for All India Quota students.
UPES School of Law
Dehradun, India
Offers a three-year LL.B. (Hons.) program with first-year fees approximately INR3,98,000.
Please note that fee structures and admission requirements are subject to change. It's advisable to visit the official websites of these institutions or contact their admission offices for the most current information.
Hello there,
Hello! Since you're interested in pursuing a 1-year diploma course in Fashion Designing after your BBA LLB, here's a guide to help you:
Eligibility
: Many fashion designing diploma courses accept students based on their 10th and 12th marks, so you won’t need a portfolio initially.
Course Options
: You can consider enrolling in foundation courses in Fashion Designing, which are aimed at students without a portfolio or prior experience.
These courses often focus on:
Institutes Offering Diploma Courses :
Admission
: Generally, for foundation diploma courses, admission will be based on academic records (10th and 12th marks). Some institutes may conduct interviews or written tests as part of the selection process.
Duration : Most diploma courses are 1 year, and you can look for one that fits your interest in gaining hands-on skills and knowledge in fashion design.
You can explore the websites of the mentioned institutes for detailed admission processes and course structures.
I hope this answer helps you. If you have more queries then feel free to share your questions with us we will be happy to assist you.
Thank you and wishing you all the best for your bright future.
Hello,
Here are the key points explaining the absence of the LLB option in the CUET 2025 application form:
Discontinuation of Legal Studies Subject : The NTA has removed the 'Legal Studies' subject from the CUET UG syllabus.
Introduction of General Aptitude Test : Admissions to integrated LLB programs will now be based on a newly introduced General Aptitude Test that assesses general knowledge, current affairs, and logical reasoning.
Impact on BA LLB Admissions : BA LLB admissions will rely on the General Aptitude Test scores, replacing the previous focus on Legal Studies.
Changes in Exam Format : The CUET UG 2025 exam will be a computer-based test with mandatory questions and a fixed duration of 60 minutes per subject.
Flexibility in Subject Selection : Candidates can choose subjects regardless of their Class 12 curriculum, offering greater flexibility in selection.
Hope it helps !
Hello Nisha,
If you are unable to find the "BA LLB" option in your form and only see "LLB," here’s what you can do:
Make sure your specific course is mentioned when you complete your details.
Hope it helps !
A lawyer is a professional who practises law. An Individual in the lawyer career path defends his or her client's cases and makes arguments on his or her behalf in both criminal and civil proceedings. A lawyer may advise and assist clients on how they should handle their legal issues. An individual as a career in law in India is considered one of the most sought-after careers.
A lawyer's job requires inhibiting skills. It involves practical applications of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specialised individual problems or to facilitate the interests of those who hire a lawyer to perform legal services. Here, in this article, we will discuss how to become a lawyer after 10th, is lawyer a good career in India, and how to become a lawyer in India.
Are you searching for a civil lawyer job description? A civil lawyer is a law professional who deals with disputes that come under civil law. Civil law is applicable to issues related t property and business disputes, family disputes, and torts. A tort can be defined as a civil wrong that causes the other person harm or injury. A Civil lawyer handles disputes regarding personal injury, family relationships, real estate, and employment. A career as a civil lawyer requires working with government entities and business institutions.
Individuals in the human rights lawyer career path are legal professionals responsible for advocating for people whose inherent dignity has been violated and who have suffered a lot of injustice. They take cases to defend the human rights of minorities, vulnerable populations, the LGBTQI community, indigenous people and others.
A criminal lawyer is a lawyer who specialises in the field of crimes and punishments. Individuals who have been accused of committing a crime are guided by a criminal lawyer. Bail bond hearings, plea bargains, trials, dismissal hearings, appeals, and post-conviction procedures are all part of his or her work. Criminal law is the body of law that describes criminal acts, governs the arrest, prosecution, and trial of offenders, and defines the sentences and correctional options that are available to criminals.
Family lawyers are required to assist a client in resolving any family-related problem. In general, family lawyers operate as mediators between family members when conflicts arise. Individuals who opt for a career as Family Lawyer is charged with drafting prenuptial agreements to protect someone's financial interests prior to marriage, consulting on grounds for impeachment or civil union separation, and drafting separation agreements.
Cyber law careers deal with cyber law job opportunities concerning cybercrimes of all aspects such as cyberbullying, cyber frauds, cyber stalking, sharing personal information without consent, intellectual property and intellectual property, transactions, and freedom of speech.
An immigration lawyer is responsible for representing the individuals (clients) involved in the immigration process that includes legal, and illegal citizens and refugees who want to reside in the country, start a business or get employment.
A career as Government Lawyer is a professional who deals with law and requires to work for the government. He or she is required to work for either the state government or central government and is also known as Advocate General of the state and attorney general. A career as Government Lawyer requires one to work on behalf of government ministers and administrative staff. He or she gives legal advice and provides legal services in the public interest.
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