Parallel Reasoning in Application-Based Questions for CLAT - Practice Questions & MCQ
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10 Questions around this concept.
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EASYPassage:
Title: "Environmental Policies and Economic Growth"
In recent years, there has been an ongoing debate regarding the relationship between environmental policies and economic growth. Critics argue that stringent environmental regulations stifle economic development, leading to job loss and reduced competitiveness. However, a closer examination reveals that effective environmental policies can actually be drivers of sustainable economic growth.
One key aspect is innovation. Environmental regulations often necessitate technological advancements and the development of cleaner, more efficient technologies. This, in turn, stimulates innovation and creates opportunities for new industries. For example, the push for renewable energy sources has led to the growth of the green energy sector, generating jobs and economic activity.
Furthermore, a healthy environment is a valuable resource in itself. Ecosystem services, such as clean air, water, and fertile soil, are essential for various industries, including agriculture and tourism. Neglecting environmental protection can result in long-term economic losses due to the degradation of these vital resources.
Moreover, a commitment to environmental sustainability can enhance a country's global reputation. Nations that demonstrate a dedication to environmental protection are more likely to attract foreign investment and partnerships. This can lead to an influx of capital and expertise, further contributing to economic growth.
In conclusion, effective environmental policies and economic growth are not mutually exclusive. When designed and implemented thoughtfully, environmental regulations can serve as catalysts for innovation, protect invaluable natural resources, and bolster a nation's standing in the global economy.
Which of the following scenarios exhibits reasoning parallel to the passage?
Passage:
Title: "Environmental Policies and Economic Growth"
In recent years, there has been an ongoing debate regarding the relationship between environmental policies and economic growth. Critics argue that stringent environmental regulations stifle economic development, leading to job loss and reduced competitiveness. However, a closer examination reveals that effective environmental policies can actually be drivers of sustainable economic growth.
One key aspect is innovation. Environmental regulations often necessitate technological advancements and the development of cleaner, more efficient technologies. This, in turn, stimulates innovation and creates opportunities for new industries. For example, the push for renewable energy sources has led to the growth of the green energy sector, generating jobs and economic activity.
Furthermore, a healthy environment is a valuable resource in itself. Ecosystem services, such as clean air, water, and fertile soil, are essential for various industries, including agriculture and tourism. Neglecting environmental protection can result in long-term economic losses due to the degradation of these vital resources.
Moreover, a commitment to environmental sustainability can enhance a country's global reputation. Nations that demonstrate a dedication to environmental protection are more likely to attract foreign investment and partnerships. This can lead to an influx of capital and expertise, further contributing to economic growth.
In conclusion, effective environmental policies and economic growth are not mutually exclusive. When designed and implemented thoughtfully, environmental regulations can serve as catalysts for innovation, protect invaluable natural resources, and bolster a nation's standing in the global economy.
Which of the following scenarios demonstrates reasoning analogous to the passage?
Passage 2:
Title: "The Impact of Urbanization on Biodiversity"
Urbanisation, the rapid expansion of cities and urban areas, has become a dominant global trend. While it brings economic opportunities and improved living standards for many, it also poses significant challenges to biodiversity and the natural environment.
One of the primary impacts of urbanisation on biodiversity is habitat loss. As cities expand, natural habitats such as forests, wetlands, and grasslands are often cleared for construction and infrastructure development. This leads to the displacement or loss of numerous plant and animal species that rely on these habitats for survival.
Furthermore, urban areas introduce a range of pollutants into the environment. Industrial activities, transportation emissions, and household waste contribute to air and water pollution, which can have detrimental effects on local ecosystems. Aquatic life in urban rivers and lakes, for instance, may be severely affected by the presence of contaminants.
The fragmentation of habitats is another consequence of urbanisation. Green spaces and natural areas within cities may become isolated from one another, inhibiting the movement of species and reducing genetic diversity. This can weaken the resilience of local ecosystems to environmental changes and increase the vulnerability of species to extinction.
Despite these challenges, there are opportunities to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanisation on biodiversity. Implementing green infrastructure, such as parks, gardens, and green roofs, can provide essential habitats for urban wildlife. Additionally, adopting sustainable urban planning practices, such as compact city designs and eco-friendly transportation systems, can help reduce the ecological footprint of cities.
In conclusion, while urbanisation offers numerous benefits, it also poses significant threats to biodiversity. Recognizing these challenges and implementing proactive measures to protect and restore natural habitats within urban areas is essential for maintaining the rich diversity of life on our planet.
Which of the following scenarios exhibits reasoning parallel to the passage?
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Passage:
Title: "The Impact of Urbanization on Biodiversity"
Urbanisation, the rapid expansion of cities and urban areas, has become a dominant global trend. While it brings economic opportunities and improved living standards for many, it also poses significant challenges to biodiversity and the natural environment.
One of the primary impacts of urbanisation on biodiversity is habitat loss. As cities expand, natural habitats such as forests, wetlands, and grasslands are often cleared for construction and infrastructure development. This leads to the displacement or loss of numerous plant and animal species that rely on these habitats for survival.
Furthermore, urban areas introduce a range of pollutants into the environment. Industrial activities, transportation emissions, and household waste contribute to air and water pollution, which can have detrimental effects on local ecosystems. Aquatic life in urban rivers and lakes, for instance, may be severely affected by the presence of contaminants.
The fragmentation of habitats is another consequence of urbanisation. Green spaces and natural areas within cities may become isolated from one another, inhibiting the movement of species and reducing genetic diversity. This can weaken the resilience of local ecosystems to environmental changes and increase the vulnerability of species to extinction.
Despite these challenges, there are opportunities to mitigate the negative impacts of urbanisation on biodiversity. Implementing green infrastructure, such as parks, gardens, and green roofs, can provide essential habitats for urban wildlife. Additionally, adopting sustainable urban planning practices, such as compact city designs and eco-friendly transportation systems, can help reduce the ecological footprint of cities.
In conclusion, while urbanisation offers numerous benefits, it also poses significant threats to biodiversity. Recognizing these challenges and implementing proactive measures to protect and restore natural habitats within urban areas is essential for maintaining the rich diversity of life on our planet.
Which of the following scenarios demonstrates reasoning analogous to the passage?
Concepts Covered - 1
Introduction to Parallel Reasoning in Application-Based Questions:
Parallel reasoning questions assess your ability to apply the same pattern of reasoning or logic found in a given passage to a new scenario or argument. These questions require you to identify the underlying structure of the original argument and then find the answer choice that uses a similar structure to reach a conclusion. Mastering parallel reasoning is important for success in the VARC section of examinations.
Key Points:
Understanding Parallel Reasoning: Parallel reasoning questions present a passage or argument and ask you to find another passage or argument with a similar structure or pattern of reasoning. The content may be different, but the logical structure should be the same.
Identify the Structure: Begin by identifying the logical structure or pattern in the original passage. Look for elements such as premises, evidence, conclusions, and the relationships between them.
Analyse Answer Choices: Examine the answer choices to find the one that parallels the original reasoning. This means that the structure of the argument should match, even if the content is entirely different.
Beware of Trap Choices: Be cautious of answer choices that may seem similar on the surface but do not share the same logical structure as the original passage. Focus on the underlying reasoning.
Apply the Same Logic: Once you've identified the parallel reasoning structure, ensure that the conclusion drawn in the new argument is logically derived from the premises, just as in the original passage.
Example:
Let's work through an example of a parallel reasoning question:
Original Passage:
"The increased use of smartphones has led to a decline in face-to-face social interactions among young adults. As individuals spend more time on their devices, they have fewer opportunities for in-person conversations, which can impact their interpersonal skills."
Parallel Reasoning Question:
"Which of the following arguments parallels the reasoning in the original passage?"
Approach:
Identify the Structure: In the original passage, the structure involves a cause-and-effect relationship. Increased smartphone use (cause) leads to a decline in face-to-face interactions (effect). The passage also discusses the impact on interpersonal skills.
Analyse the Answer Choices: Examine the answer choices to find one that shares a similar cause-and-effect structure, even if the content is different.
Evaluate the Answer Choices:
a) "The expansion of online shopping has resulted in reduced foot traffic in physical stores. As more consumers shop online, traditional retail spaces are seeing a decline in customers, which affects their profitability."
b) "The popularity of streaming services has caused a decline in cable television subscriptions. With more people opting for streaming, cable providers are facing challenges in retaining customers, impacting their revenue."
c) "Recent environmental regulations have led to decreased industrial emissions. As stricter regulations are enforced, factories are reducing their emissions, which has a positive impact on air quality."
d) "The introduction of electric vehicles has decreased the demand for traditional gasoline cars. As consumers shift toward electric vehicles, gasoline car manufacturers are experiencing a decline in sales, affecting their profitability."
Correct Answer: Option a) "The expansion of online shopping has resulted in reduced foot traffic in physical stores. As more consumers shop online, traditional retail spaces are seeing a decline in customers, which affects their profitability."
Explanation: Option a) parallels the reasoning in the original passage. It presents a cause-and-effect relationship similar to the original argument, where increased smartphone use leads to a decline in face-to-face interactions, just as the expansion of online shopping leads to reduced foot traffic in physical stores.
Identifying parallel reasoning involves recognizing the logical structure of arguments and finding similar structures in answer choices. Practise parallel reasoning questions to improve your ability to apply the same pattern of reasoning across different scenarios.
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