CLAT 2025 - Admit Card (Out), Exam Date (Dec 1), Sample Paper (Out), Question Papers, Preparation Tips

CLAT 2025 - Admit Card (Out), Exam Date (Dec 1), Sample Paper (Out), Question Papers, Preparation Tips

Edited By Sansar Singh Chhikara | Updated on Nov 16, 2024 03:15 PM IST | #CLAT
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CLAT 2025: The Consortium of National Law Universities (NLUs) has released the CLAT 2025 admit card today, November 15, 2024 on its official website - consortiumofnlus.ac.in. Successfully registered candidates can download the CLAT 2025 admit card through their login from November 15, 2024 – 10.30 AM to December 01, 2024 - 01:30 pm. The consortium has also notified that PwD candidates must submit Annexure I through their login by November 25, 2024 5 PM. The full notification is given below. CLAT 2025 is scheduled to be conducted offline on December 1, 2024, from 2 PM to 4 PM. After the CLAT exam, the authorities will release the CLAT 2025 provisional answer key and CLAT final answer key 2025. The Consortium will declare the CLAT 2025 results in the second week of December 2024.
Latest: Notice for PwD Candidates to Upload Annexure I

The Consortium of NLUs has also notified that RPNLU Prayagraj is now part of the consortium from 2025-26 onwards. IIULER Goa has also been added to the CLAT colleges list in CLAT 2025. Successfully registered candidates can access the official CLAT sample paper through their login. For CLAT 2025, candidates are required to provide their NLU preferences after the declaration of CLAT 2025 results, and not at the time of registration. The consortium had closed the CLAT 2025 registration window on October 22, 2024. Also, the CLAT application form correction window has been closed on October 25, 2024. Read the complete article below to learn more about CLAT 2025, exam details, fees, syllabus, etc.

What is CLAT Exam?

The Common Law Admission Test, popularly known as CLAT is a national-level entrance exam conducted by the Consortium of National Law Universities (NLUs). The CLAT exam is held only once a year. The list of participating NLUs includes top-ranked law schools of the country such as NLSIU Bangalore, NALSAR Hyderabad, WBNUJS Kolkata and NLU Jodhpur. Apart from the NLUs, CLAT is also accepted by over 60 law schools including Delhi University for BA LLB and BBA LLB and IIM Rohtak for BBA LLB admissions. The CLAT 2025 exam duration will be two hours. A total of 120 questions will be asked in the CLAT exam. CLAT syllabus 2025 includes questions from English, general knowledge, legal aptitude, logical reasoning, and maths. The PG-CLAT 2025 will have questions on various subjects of the law programme.

Symbiosis Law School Pune Admissions 2025

NAAC A++ Accredited | Ranked #5 by NIRF

SLAT 2025 - The Symbiosis Law Admission Test

Conducted by Symbiosis International (Deemed University) | Ranked #5 in Law by NIRF | Ranked #2 among best Pvt Universities by QS World Rankings

FREE CLAT Study Material - Download PDF

CLAT Mock Test with Solutions - 10 Free Mock Tests
Boost your CLAT Exam preparation with free mock tests and solutions by Careers360.
Download EBook

CLAT 2025 Latest News and Updates

Below, students can track all the latest news and updates around CLAT 2025, including changes in syllabus, pattern, marking scheme, and seats.

Notification for PwD Candidates

The Consortium of NLUs has issued a notification to PwD candidates to upload the Annexure I by November 25, by 5 PM. The PwD candidates are also required to upload Appendix II and III in case they want to arrange a scribe or want the Consortium to arrange a scribe for them by November 23, 2024. The PwD candidates have to upload the scribe documents and annexures through their CLAT 2025 login.

CLAT 2025 admit card out

The CLAT admit card 2025 is released on November 15, 2024. Registered candidates can download the admit card for the CLAT exam by logging into their CLAT account and clicking on the 'Download Admit Card' tab.

IIULER Goa Now Part of CLAT 2025

India International University of Legal Education and Research, Goa (IIULER Goa) has been added to the list of participating universities in CLAT 2025 by the Consortium of NLUs. The university offers BA LLB (Hons.), BBA LLB (Hons.), and LLM programmes.

RPNLU Prayagraj Now Part of Consortium

Through a notification published on its website, the Consortium of NLUs has informed that RPNLU is now part of the Consortium of NLUs. It will conduct its law admissions through CLAT admission process from 2025-26 onwards.

Change in Reservation for MNLU Mumbai and MNLU Aurangabad

MNLU Mumbai and MNLU Aurangabad have announced changes to their CLAT 2025 reservation criteria. As per the notification, Socially and Economically Backward Classes (SEBC) reservation has been added for UG and PG programmes. Candidates with Maharashtra domicile are eligible to apply.

NLUJA Assam Announces Changes to Seat Matrix

The National Law University Assam has changed the seat reservation policy for CLAT 2025 candidates. As per the latest notification, seats will be reserved for EWS of Assam and Wards of defense personnel posted in Assam. Such candidates are required to update their reservation criteria in the CLAT application form 2025.

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CLAT 2025 Second Sample Paper Out

The Consortium of NLUs published the second CLAT 2025 sample paper on September 28, 2024. Candidates who have successfully registered for CLAT 2025 can download the sample paper by logging into their CLAT 2025 account.

CLAT 2025 First Sample Paper Out

The Consortium of NLUs published the CLAT 2025 sample paper on September 13, 2024. Candidates who have successfully registered for CLAT 2025 can access the sample paper through the CLAT login. The consortium usually releases 3-4 sample papers of CLAT to help candidates familiarise themselves with the CLAT exam pattern.

CLAT 2025 NLU Brochures Now Available

The Consortium of NLUs has published the information brochure of participating NLUs in CLAT 2025 on its official website. The brochures inform the candidates about the admission process, courses, fee structure and other relevant details. The brochures will enable candidates to make informed decisions by providing information on various aspects such as NLU admissions 2025 process, fees, courses offered, seat intake and reservation, and course syllabus. Click on the links given in the table below to download the brochures of top NLUs participating in CLAT 2025.

NLU Brochures 2025 Free Download Link

Parul University Law Admissions 2025

India's youngest NAAC A++ accredited University | NIRF rank band 151-200 | Approved by Bar Council of India

DSU- Dayanand Sagar University LAW 2025

60+ Years of Education Legacy | UGC & AICTE Approved | Prestigious Scholarship Worth 6 Crores

CLAT Mock Test 2025 Series by Careers360 Now Available

Candidates can check out the CLAT mock test series prepared by Careers360 to prepare for CLAT 2025. Get the link for CLAT mock test here. The CLAT mock tests have been prepared as per the updated CLAT syllabus mimicking the real test as closely as possible. The CLAT mock tests 2025 are available free of cost.

CLAT 2025 Exam Date Announced

The Consortium of NLUs has released an official notification, announcing the CLAT 2025 exam date. The notification reads, "The Executive Committee and the Governing Body of the Consortium of National Law Universities at its meeting held on April 26, 2024, decided that the Common Law Admission Test (CLAT) 2025 shall be conducted Sunday, December 1, 2024, 2 pm-4 pm," it said.CLAT 2025 Exam Notification

CLAT 2025 Committee Formed

The new CLAT 2025 committee was formed during the annual governing body meeting of the Consortium of NLUs held on February 17, 2024. Prof. (Dr.) V.C. Vivekanandan, Vice-Chancellor, Hidayatullah, National Law University, Raipur has been elected as the new president of the Consortium of NLUs. Prof. (Dr.) S. Shantha Kumar. The Vice-Chancellor, of Gujarat National Law University, Gandhinagar has been appointed as the vice president of the consortium. Prof. (Dr.) Dilip Ukey, Vice-Chancellor, of Maharashtra National Law University, Mumbai has been appointed as the the convenor of CLAT 2025.

CLAT 2025 Exam - Overview

ParticularsDetails

Exam name

Common Law Admission Test (CLAT)

Conducting body

Consortium of National Law Universities (CNLU)

Purpose

Admission to 5-year LLB and LLM

Recruitment for India Army

Recruitment in PSUs

Participating colleges

24 National Law Universities (NLUs) and 60+ affiliated colleges

Seats offered

5-year LLB - 3,400+

LLM - 12,00+

CLAT Exam Date 2025

The Consortium of NLUs will conduct CLAT 2025 offline on December 1, 2024. The Consortium has also notified the CLAT 2025 registration window. The schedule includes the dates for CLAT registration, application correction, and admit card. The result and counselling schedule will be released in December.

CLAT 2025 Dates

EventDates
Release of CLAT 2025 admission notificationJuly 7, 2024
CLAT 2025 registration dateJuly 15, 2024
CLAT 2025 registration last dateOctober 15, 2024
October 22, 2024
Release of the first CLAT 2025 sample paperSeptember 13, 2024
Release of the second CLAT 2025 sample paperSeptember 28, 2024
Application correction windowOctober 18- 25, 2024 (till 11:59 PM)
Release of CLAT admit cardNovember 15, 2024
CLAT 2025 exam dateDecember 1, 2024 (Sunday, 2 pm to 4 pm)
Release of provisional answer keyDecember 1, 2024 (Evening)
Release of final CLAT answer keyFirst week of December 2024
CLAT 2025 result declarationSecond week of December 2024

CLAT Admit Card 2025

The consortium released the CLAT 2025 admit card on November 15, 2024. A mandatory document for appearing in the CLAT 2025 exam, the admit card mentions details such as roll number, and exam centre name along with instructions for the exam day. Candidates can download CLAT 2025 admit card online from its official website. consortiumofnlus.ac.in. Candidates are advised to download the admit card of CLAT 2025 and verify all the information mentioned on it. In case of any discrepancies, they should immediately ask the consortium for necessary changes.

Steps to Download CLAT 2025 Admit Card

Candidates should follow the steps given below to download the admit card of CLAT 2025-

  • Visit the official website - consortiumofnlus.ac.in
  • Login with the registered mobile number and password
  • Click on the CLAT 2025 admit card link
  • The admit card will be displayed on the screen
  • Download and save the CLAT admit card 2025 for future reference

Items to be carried on the CLAT 2025 exam day

  • A printout of CLAT admit card 2025
  • A valid ID proof
  • A blue/black ballpoint pen
  • A transparent water bottle

Candidates should also note that any electronic device including mobile phones, calculators, smart watches and study material is strictly prohibited inside CLAT exam centres. Those found with such items will be disqualified and subject to disciplinary action.

Who is eligible for CLAT 2025?

The consortium prescribes the CLAT 2025 eligibility criteria in its exam notification. CLAT eligibility criteria 2025 include the minimum educational qualification that candidates must have along with the minimum passing marks. There is no age limit to appear for CLAT 2025. The eligibility criteria for CLAT 2025 is given in the table below.

CLAT 2025 Eligibility

ParticularsCLAT UG eligibility criteria 2025CLAT PG eligibility criteria 2025
Educational qualification10+2 from a recognised board. Candidates appearing for class 12 exams can apply.3-year LLB or 5-year LLB from an institute recognised by BCI. Candidates appearing for their final year exams can apply.
Minimum passing marks45% for general/OBC/EWS and 40% for SC/ST50% for General/OBC/EWS and 45% for SC/ST

CLAT age limit

The consortium has not set any age limit for appearing in the CLAT exam. Candidates can attempt the CLAT exam at any age, and any number of times.

CLAT 2025 Registration Process

The Consortium has closed the CLAT 2025 application window. Earlier, it opened the CLAT application form 2025 on July 15, 2024. The CLAT 2025 exam registration could be done online from the official website of consortium - consortiumofnlus.ac.in. The CLAT registration fee is Rs. 4,000 for general candidates and Rs. 3,500 for SC and ST candidates. The deadline to register for CLAT 2025 was extended till October 22, 2024. Candidates who need official CLAT previous year papers will have to pay Rs. 500 in addition to the application fee. This year, candidates do not have to fill in their NLU preferences at the time of CLAT registration. Rather, they must provide their NLU choices after the declaration of the result. The application process for CLAT 2025 is as follows;

Online CLAT Registration 2025

  • Visit the official CLAT 2025 website, consortiumofnlus.ac.in

  • Click on CLAT 2025, it will take the candidate to the login portal where all CLAT 2025 notifications are also published.
    CLAT Registration login window

  • Register using email ID and mobile number. The mobile number and email ID should be kept active at least till the completion of the admission process of national law universities. It will also be used for all kind of communication and grievance submissions at the later stages. Further, candidates will also be informed about their CLAT results, and their eligibility to participate in the counselling through registered CLAT ID and password.

CLAT Registration login window image

How to Fill CLAT Application Form 2025?

The application form of CLAT 2025 can be filled by following the steps given below. Candidates must ensure that they provide the correct details in the CLAT application form. Any kind of discrepancy in the CLAT form 2025 may result in the rejection of the application form. Only certain modifications in the CLAT 2025 application form will be allowed at a later stage. The detailed CLAT application process is explained below.

Step 1: Personal Information

  • Fill out the application form by providing personal information. The personal information includes the candidate's name, parent's name, date of birth, passport-size photo, scanned signature, category etc. Candidates must also upload their passport size photograph and signature.

Step 2: Communication Details

  • Provide communication details including permanent address, correspondence address, state, district, PIN code etc.

Steps 3: Education Details

  • Enter details of Class 12th and Class 10th. Candidates appearing in the Class 12th board exam can select the "Appearing in Qualifying Exam".

Step 4: Select CLAT Exam Centres

  • Candidates can select at least three exam centres for CLAT exam. They are advised to select the CLAT 2025 exam centres in the order of preference. The allotment of exam centres will depend on the candidate's preference and the availability of the seats in the exam centre.

Step 5: Enter Reservation Status

  • Select the reservation status depending on the category. A majority of NLUs offer domicile reservations. Candidates must ensure they also have the documents supporting their reservation status. The same will be required during CLAT counselling.

Step 6: Submit CLAT 2025 Application Form

  • Pay the registration fee as prescribed by the authorities. The CLAT registration fee is Rs. 4,000 for general candidates and Rs. 3,500 for SC, ST and EWS candidates.

CLAT Registration Fee 2025

Category

Fee

Mode of payment

General/ OBC/PwD/NRI/PIO//OCI category

Rs. 4,000

Online:

Net Banking

Credit Card

Debit Card

SC/ST/BPL category

Rs 3,500

CLAT 2025 Reservation Criteria

The candidate's reservation category plays an important role in determining the candiate's admission chances. Candidates must carefully go through the CLAT reservation criteria 2025 specified by each of the NLUs and make sure they fulfil the eligibility criteria to claim the reservation at the time of completing CLAT 2025 registration. The consoritum also notifies changes to the reservation criteria from time to time on its official website.

CLAT 2025 Syllabus and Exam Pattern

Candidates preparing for the CLAT 2025 exam must follow the official syllabus and pattern to meet the test requirements. The CLAT syllabus is broadly divided into five sections. The question paper of CLAT 2025 will also have five sections. These sections are listed below.

  • English language and comprehension

  • Legal reasoning and aptitude

  • Elementary maths

  • Logical reasoning

  • Current affairs and general knowledge

CLAT Syllabus 2025 - Subejct-wise distribution of marks

SubjectMarks

English Language

22-26 questions, or roughly 20% of the paper

Current Affairs, including General Knowledge

28-32 questions, or roughly 25% of the paper

Legal Reasoning

28-32 questions, or roughly 25% of the paper

Logical Reasoning

22-26 questions, or roughly 20% of the paper

Quantitative Techniques

10-14 questions, or roughly 10% of the paper

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CLAT Exam Pattern 2025

The exam pattern of CLAT provides all the relevant information on how the question paper would be framed and what will be the time duration and marking scheme. Candidates must go through the exam pattern of CLAT 2025 to make themselves familiar with the testing rules and test structure.

CLAT 2025 exam pattern

ParticularsDetails

Time duration

2 hours

Mode

Offline mode (pen paper-based mode)

Type of questions

Objective-type questions

Number of questions

120 questions

Total marks

120 marks

CLAT UG marking scheme

Correct answer - 1 mark

Incorrect answer - 0.25 marks deduction

Unattempted questions - No negative marking

Language

English

How to Prepare for CLAT 2025 exam?

Candidates preparing for CLAT 2025 need to start early. The exam is competitive and seats offered by prestigious NLUs are limited, so a well-rounded CLAT preparation is required to secure a good rank in the examination. The CLAT exam is also one of the lengthiest law entrance exams in India, testing high-level reading, critical thinking and analytical skills of the candidates.

Section-wise Tips for CLAT 2025

Given below are the section wise preparation tips for the five sections in the CLAT syllabus 2025.

CLAT Legal Reasoning

One of the most important sections, the CLAT legal reasoning and aptitude section requires candidates to demonstrate basic level of understanding of laws along with critical thinking abilities. Given below are a few preparation tips for legal reasoning for CLAT.

  • Candidates preparing for CLAT legal reasoning should start from the basic level of political science, constitution, and laws. Understanding of concepts is more crucial then mugging up facts and terms.
  • In the subsequent stages of their preparation, they should read legal journals, news articles and editorials, and judgments.
  • Since most of the questions are taken for legal scenarios or cases discussed in newspapers and magazines, reading and understanding such material will help candidates prepare for this section.
  • Finally, refer to the CLAT question papers of previous years to understand in what manner the legal reasoning questions are framed and the topics that feature too frequently.

CLAT English Language

English language is important not only because there is a section dedicated to it, but also because the entire question paper of CLAT is in English and requires a high level of reading and comprehension. Talking about the English language section, questions will be asked from comprehension passages that may be taken from recent news articles, magazines, and journals. Given below are easy preparation tips for this section.

  • Candidates are advised to work on their basic grammar skills in the initial stage of preparation.
  • They should read newspapers, and journals to improve reading and comprehension speed.
  • Having a strong vocabulary is very important for all sections of CLAT. Additionally, CLAT English may have direct questions asking about synonyms and antonyms of words, one-word substitution and idioms and phrases. So, candidates should allow enough time to do these.
  • Last but not least, practicing comprehension-based questions are very important to fit into the exam situation.

CLAT Logical Reasoning

This section focuses on testing the critical thinking and problem-solving abilities of candidates. Apart from some questions on one-liner statements and conclusions, most of CLAT logical reasoning section also contains questions from comprehension paragraphs and requires the candidate to read the arguments and draw conclusions, relationships, or analogies in their answers.

  • Preparation for logical reasoning can be done through regularly practising with puzzles and problems.
  • Candidates must improve their reading and comprehension ability with a regular reading habit to understand the problems and passages quickly
  • Regular practice with past year question papers will also improve solving speed and asses one's performance in the section.

CLAT General Knowledge and Current Affairs

One of the most crucial sections in the CLAT 2025 exam, the general knowledge and current affairs preparation has dominant effects on legal aptitude and English. It is not because the syllabus overlaps in these sections, but because the skills tested in these would largely overlap. Fast reading is required for CLAT GK and current affairs, and it is also a much-needed skill for English and Legal reasoning. The CLAT current awareness may have some straightforward questions on topics of social, political and economic importance, but some questions will also be asked about current legal affairs. Some preparation tips are given below.

  • Preparing for general knowledge and current affairs becomes fairly easy when standard study material is taken for reference. A Lucent general knowledge book or a Manorama Yearbook is helpful
  • Regularly reading daily newspapers like The Hindu, or The Indian Express is good for current affairs. The current affairs preparation should be further consolidated using monthly magazines on the subject.

CLAT Maths

This section carries only 10% weight but can be a determining factor for CLAT aspirants. Although it tests basic maths skills, the framework of questions can be twisted to make it look like paragraphs with numbers. Candidates with good mathematical skills stand a good chance to capitalise on this section and secure full 10% marks which can make a decisive impact on their results. Here are a few preparation tips.

  • Most of these topics in CLAT maths dealt with in much detail in Class 10 itself. So, candidates are advised to stick to the basic books on elementary mathematics and practice the questions on a regular basis.
  • Build good understanding of the underlying concepts in mathematics
  • Practise by doing and repeatedly solving the questions as it will boost solving speed and complement the theoretical understanding
  • Invest some time in reading the questions carefully and understanding what needs to be done.

CLAT Sample Papers 2025

The Consortium of NLUs has released the second CLAT 2025 sample paper online on September 28, 2024. Candidates who have successfully registered for CLAT 2025 can access the sample papers of CLAT 2025 through their login. The consortium usually releases 3-4 sample papers of CLAT in the run-up to the exam. The CLAT sample papers 2025 are an important learning resource for candidates appearing for the exam. The first official CLAT 2025 sample paper was released on September 13.

Steps to Download CLAT 2025 Sample Papers

  • Visit the official website - consoritumofnlus.ac.in
  • Login into the CLAT 2025 account
  • Click on the CLAT 2025 sample papers link
  • The CLAT sample paper PDF will be displayed on the screen
  • Download and save the pdf for future reference

CLAT Answer Key 2025

The Consortium of NLUs will publish the CLAT 2025 answer key shortly after the exam. The answer key will be published on the official website - consortiumofnlus.ac.in. With the provisional answer key of CLAT 2025, candidates can calculate their estimated score in the exam. The consortium will also open an objection window against the CLAT provisional answer key 2025. Candidates can submit objections through their login after paying an objection fee of Rs 1000 per objection. After considering all the valid objections, the consortium will release the CLAT 2025 final answer key.

Steps to Download CLAT 2025 Answer Key

  • Visit the official website - consortiumofnlus.ac.in
  • Click on CLAT 2025 link
  • In the notifications section, click on Click on CLAT 2025 answer key and master question paper
  • The CLAT provisional answer key 2025 and the CLAT 2025 question paper will be displayed on the screen
  • Download and save the answer key for future reference

Objections Against CLAT Answer Key 2025

Candidates will be allowed to raise objections online. Given below are the steps to raise objections:

  • Visit the official website - consoritumofnlus.ac.in
  • Log in to the CLAT account
  • Click on objection link
  • Next, candidates should select the desired question booklet set and the type of objection (about the question or answer)
  • Then, select the question and enter the objection details
  • Submit the objection
  • Make the payment to complete objection submission

CLAT Result 2025

The Consortium of NLUs will declare the CLAT 2025 result on its official website tentatively a week after the exam. Candidates will be able to check their CLAT 2025 scorecard through their CLAT login. There are no minimum qualifying marks in CLAT 2025. Candidates will be ranked based on their CLAT 2025 scores and allotted seats through the counselling process as per their rank and preferences. Last year, the CLAT analysis showed that a good score in CLAT was around 90+ marks.

How to Download CLAT 2025 Result?

Candidates can download the result of CLAT 2025 by following the steps given below:

  • Visit the official website - consortiumofnlus.ac.in

  • Login with the registered mobile number and password

  • Click on the result link

  • The CLAT 2025 result will be displayed on the screen

  • Download and save the result

CLAT 2025 Exam Analysis

After the CLAT 2025 is conducted, the CLAT 2025 exam analysis will be available. The analysis of the CLAT 2025 question paper will provide insights into various aspects of the exam such as the difficulty level, good attempt, section-wise important topics covered in the exam, and the expected cut-off. The CLAT 2025 exam analysis will also provide estimates about the good score in CLAT.

Good Score in CLAT 2025

The past trends in CLAT indicate that a good score in CLAT 2025 will be around 100 marks for the general category for admission into top-ranked NLUs, NLSIU Bengaluru, and NALSAR Hyderabad. A good CLAT score varies across categories. The table below provides the expected good score in CLAT 2025 for various categories in some NLUs.

Good Score in CLAT 2025 in Top NLUs

NLU NameGeneralEWSOBCSCSTNRI
NLSIU Bengaluru100+95+90+83+78+-
NALSAR Hyderabad100+95+90+82+78+-
WBNUJS Kolkata98+-56+*80+74+89+
NLU Jodhpur95+-88+79+74+88+
GNLU Gandhinagar95+90+87+77+70+84+
MNLU Mumbai93+81+77+*71+*41+*43+
RMLNLU Lucknow91+85+82+*53+*41+*72+

*state reservation

Is CLAT 2025 tough?

The general consensus is that CLAT exam is tough. An analysis of the past year's CLAT statistics shows that the success rate in CLAT 2025 is 5.5% for CLAT UG and around 13.3% when one compares the applicants to the number of seats on offer. The Common Law Admission Test is one of the lengthiest and reading intensive law entrance exams which makes it very important for candidates to have intensive preparation.

CLAT 2025 NLU Preferences

After declaring the results, the consortium will open the window to add NLU preferences instead of the last year's practise of filling the preferences at the time of registration. Candidates can add their CLAT NLU preferences through their login. Filling NLU preferences after the results gives the candidate the benefit of filling up the NLUs as per their expected performance in the exam based on the answer key.

Candidates can obtain CLAT 2025 seat allotment in only those NLUs which are part of their preferences given at the time of registration. Therefore, candidates must try to provide maximum NLU choices in the order of their preference. Candidates can rely on the CLAT 2025 marks vs rank analysis to decide which NLU provides them the maximum chance of admission for their CLAT score. The analysis is given below.

CLAT Marks Vs Rank Analysis

For candidates, it is important to know the rank, a particular CLAT score will translate into. An awareness of the CLAT marks vs rank analysis will help candidates formulate a preparation strategy that gets into their preferred NLUs. The table given below provides the analysis of CLAT marks vs rank.

CLAT 2025 Marks vs Rank Comparison

CLAT 2025 marksEstimated CLAT 2025 rank
98+200
92+500
90+1000
88+1500
86+2000
85+2500
83+3000
82+3500
80+5000
77+6000
74+8000
72+10000

CLAT Merit List 2025

The Consortium of NLUs will publish the NLU wise CLAT 2025 merit list for each round of counselling. The merit list of CLAT 2025 contains details such as rank, category, admit card number and status of the candidate. Only those candidates who are included in the CLAT merit list 2025 will be able to participate in CLAT 2025 counselling.

Steps to Download CLAT 2025 Merit List

  • Visit the official website - consortiumofnlus.ac.in
  • Click on CLAT 2025 tab
  • In the notification section, click on the CLAT 2025 merit list for the desired round
  • Next, select the desired NLU for which the merit list is needed
  • The CLAT merit list 2025 will be displayed on the screen
  • Download and save the merit list for future reference

CLAT Counselling 2025

The Consortium of NLUs will conduct CLAT 2025 counselling in online mode after declaring the result. Candidates must register online for the CLAT counselling 2025 process from the consortium's official website. The CLAT 2025 counselling registration fee is Rs 30000 for General and OBC candidates, and Rs 20000 for SC/ST candidates. Only those candidates who register for the counselling process will be eligible to obtain CLAT 2025 seat allotment. The NLU preferences for seat allotment are given during the CLAT registration process. In all, there will be five rounds of CLAT 2025 counselling.

Steps to register for CLAT 2025 Counselling

  • Visit the official website - consortiumofnlus.ac.in
  • Click on the make payment option which will be visible for shortlisted candidates in their CLAT account
  • Provide bank account details.
  • Make the payment of Rs 30000 (General/OBC candidates) or Rs 20000 (SC/ST candidates)
  • Wait for the "Payment Successful" message
  • Once the payment is made candidates will be registered for the CLAT 2025 counselling process

CLAT 2025 Colleges

The scores of CLAT 2025 will be accepted by 24 national law universities (NLUs). RPNLU Prayagraj and IIULER Goa are also part of the consortium in CLAT 2025. Only NLU Delhi and NLU Meghalaya do not accept CLAT scores. Apart from NLUs, over 60 different private law schools accept CLAT scores. Candidates can seek admission to any of these colleges provided they meet the eligibility criteria and admission cut-offs. Here is the list of national law universities (NLUs) participating in the examination along with their seat intake.

CLAT NLUs 2025 Seat Intake and Fees

NLU NameCourses offeredCLAT Seats (excluding supernumerary and NRI seats)Fees

NLSIU Bengaluru

BA LLB (Hons.)

300

Rs 4.10 lakhs p.a.

NALSAR Hyderabad

BA LLB (Hons.)

132

Rs 2.70 lakhs p.a.

NLIU Bhopal

BA LLB (Hons.)

104

Rs 3.30 lakhs p.a.

BSc LLB (Hons.)

59

WBNUJS Kolkata

BA LLB (Hons.)

110

Rs 3.85 lakhs p.a.

B.Sc LLB (Hons.)

52

NLU Jodhpur

BA LLB (Hons.)

90

Rs 3.06 lakhs p.a.

BBA LLB (Hons.)

30

HNLU Raipur

BA LLB (Hons.)

170

Rs 2.15 lakhs p.a.

GNLU Gandhinagar

5-year LLB (BA LLB(Hons.); BCom LLB(Hons.); BSc LLB (Hons.); BBA LLB(Hons) and BSW LLB(Hons)

172

Rs 2.58 lakhs p.a.

GNLU Silvassa Campus

BA LLB (Hons)

66

Rs 2.58 lakhs p.a.

RMNLU Luknow

BA LLB (Hons)

169

Rs 1.70 lakhs p.a.

RGNUL Patiala

BA LLB (Hons)

180

Rs 2.59 lakhs p.a.

CNLU Patna

BA LLB (Hons)

69

Rs 2.57 lakhs p.a.

BBA LLB (Hons)

69

NUALS Kochi

BA LLB (Hons)

60

Rs 2.14 lakhs p.a.

NLUO Cuttack

BA LLB (Hons)

106

Rs 2.4 lakhs p.a.

BBA LLB (Hons)

53

NUSRL Ranchi

BA LLB (Hons)

120

Rs 2.41 lakhs p.a.

BBA LLB (Hons)

60

NLUJA Kamrup

BA LLB (Hons)

60

Rs 2.44 lakhs p.a.

DSNLU Visakhapatnam

BA LLB (Hons)

120

Rs 2.09 lakhs p.a.

TNNLU Tiruchirappalli

BA LLB (Hons)

56

Rs. 1.17 Lakhs pa (TN SC/ST)

Rs. 1.23 Lakhs pa (TN first generation graduate)

Rs. 2.17 pa (All India SC/ST)

Rs. 2.23 Lakhs pa (Others)

Nil (TN Govt. schools quota)


BCom LLB (Hons)

56

MNLU Mumbai

BA LLB (Hons)

100

Rs. 3.28 Lakhs p.a. (Maharashtra students)

Rs. 3.62 Lakhs p.a. (All India)

MNLU Nagpur

BA LLB (Hons)

120

Rs 3.60 lakhs p.a.

BA LLB (Hons in Adjudication and Justicing)

60


BBA LLB (Hons)

60

MNLU Aurangabad

BA LLB (Hons.)

60


Rs. 2.66 Lakhs pa (Maharashtra students)

Rs. 3.12 Lakhs pa (All India)


BBA LLB (Hons)

60

HPNLU Shimla

BA LLB (Hons)

120

Rs 2.98 lakhs p.a.

BBA LLB (Hons)

60

DNLU Jabalpur

BA LLB (Hons)

120

Rs 2.96 lakhs p.a.

DBRANLU Sonepat

BA LLB (Hons)

120

Rs 1.87 lakhs p.a.

NLU Tripura

BA LLB (Hons)

60

Rs 1.81 lakhs p.a.
RPNLU PrayagrajBA LLB (Hons.)60Rs 2.59 lakhs p.a.
IIULER GoaBA LLB (Hons.), BBA LLB (Hons.)
Rs 8.01 lakhs p.a.

CLAT Seat Allotment 2025

The CLAT 2025 allotment list is provisional. Candidates included in the allotment list are required to complete admission formalities such as document verification and payment of confirmation fee and university fee. Candidates who complete these processes will be able to obtain CLAT 2025 seat allotment. There will be five rounds of centralised CLAT seat allotment 2025 followed by institute level seat allotment.

CLAT Cut-Off 2025

The Consortium of NLUs will publish the CLAT 2025 cut off for each round of counseling. Only those candidates who have a rank above the CLAT cut-off will be able to gain admission. The consortium will provide the category-wise CLAT cut-offs for each participating NLUs separately.

CLAT Previous Year Cut-Off

Meanwhile, candidates can check the CLAT cut off for last year. Going through the previous year's CLAT cut-off will help candidates identify the trends and target certain NLUs as per their level of preparation.

CLAT Cut Off 2024: Round 1

Name of NLUGeneral
EWSOBCSCST
NLSIU Bengaluru9748890727963876
NALSAR Hyderabad158564107633756083
NLIU Bhopal (BA LLB)40410061315517810023
NLIU Bhopal (BSc LLB)87815991629762215219
WBNUJS Kolkata( BA LLB)262-15978*39517487
WBNUJS Kolkata (BSc.LLB Hons)998-23192*811711502
NLU Jodhpur341-126145038373
HNLU Raipur707-1965660210917
GNLU Gandhinagar4299381822565210438
GNLU Silvassa Campus869147624298958-
RMLNLU Lucknow6942307*3370*9616*-
RGNUL Patiala1129

882215548
CNLU Patna (BA LLB)12361839*5441*13248*-
CNLU Patna (BBA LLB)13842550-16099*-
NUALS Kochi111113761*-15245*-
NLU Odisha1080--812415305
NUSRL Ranchi133618072518972916676
NLUJA Assam1474-29403*14361*35236*
DSNLU Visakhapatnam123317312459977615875
TNNLU Tiruchirappalli BA LLB1401-262810378-
TNNLU Tiruchirappalli BCom LLB1459-331010681-
MNLU Mumbai5473932*6468*9030*30958*
MNLU Nagpur - BA LLB13607169*11780*18459*41956*
MNLU Nagpur - BBA LLB14258009*13568*20584*43185*
MNLU Aurangabad- BA LLB15619891*15419*14311*-
MNLU Aurangabad - BBA LLB162513863*16394*23,903*-
HPNLU Shimla - BA LLB1712--1084718736
HPNLU Shimla - BBA LLB1773--1121820154
MPDNLU Jabalpur1559199027821107820412
DBRANLU Sonepat1714218032631083020671
NLUT Agartala1785--51586*50744*

*state category reservation

CLAT PG Cut Off 2024 (up to fifth round)


General

EWSOBCSCST

NLU

Open rank

Closing rank

Open rank

Closing rank

Open rank

Closing rank

Open rank

Closing rank

Opening

Closing rank

NLSIU Bengaluru

14

239

302

940

165

1236

385

1642

2253

3663

NALSAR Hyderabad

119

298

884

990

531

1432

699

2247

4313

-

NLIU Bhopal

300

651

-

-

1217

1992

2749

3721

4726

5970

WBNUJS Kolkata

158

620

-

-

1952*

11255*

805

2732

3263

5555

NLU Jodhpur

290

638

-

-

1236

2039

2209

3465

3880

5562

HNLU Raipur

564

1094

-

-

1939

3428

3815

5056

5562

7718

GNLU Gandhinagar

125

627

851

1205

1177

2757

2976

3815

5555

6372

GNLU Silvassa Campus

634

1267

1083

2237

2145

3858

3779

6459

-

-

RMLNLU Lucknow

19

261

562*

1307*







RGNUL Patiala

90

987





1883

5971

5417

6881

NUALS Kochi

486

1707

4815

9708

-

-

6171

8179

9811

-

NLU Odisha

494

1358

-

-

-

-

4010

5215

6881

8575

NUSRL Ranchi

827

1623

1343

3062

1778

3234

4860

6869

5241

6097

NLUJA Assam

1321

2195

-

-

4205*

11821*

6383*

9703*

8483

9702

DSNLU Visakhapatnam

754

2033

1700

2420

2771

3929

5118

6890

6196

9326

TNNLU Tiruchirappalli (Corporate and Securities law)

660

1578

-

-

1818

4028

4162

5338

11187*

-

TNNLU Tiruchirappalli (Intellectual Property law)

641

1011

-

-

1956

3236

4753

6848

-

-

TNNLU Tiruchirappalli (Natural Resources Law)

1006

2246

-

-

3019

4108

5401

7072

-

-

MNLU Mumbai

242

727

2705*

4227*

2000*

3683*

5070*

5242*

5368*

9388*

MNLU Nagpur -

1

1808

6366*

9403*

5499*

9083*

4731*

9822*

7928*

10923*

MNLU Aurangabad

924

2250

2833*

8514*

5454*

9280*

6051*

9876*

10127*

-

HPNLU Shimla

623

2132

-

-

-

-

4191

6997

6614

8575

MPDNLU Jabalpur

1216

2278

1618

2532

2777

3299

4569

5545

8418

9145

NLUT Agartala

1619

2530

-

-

-

-

9760*

11928*

9326*

9637*

*state category reservation

You may also check popular career options after law:

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

1. When will CLAT 2025 be conducted?

CLAT 2025 will be conducted on December 1, 2024, in offline mode.

2. What is the CLAT 2025 syllabus?

The CLAT 2025 syllabus includes topics such as general knowledge, current affairs, maths, English, legal reasoning and logical reasoning.

3. When will CLAT 2025 registration start?

The CLAT 2025 registration started on July 15, 2024. The application form has been closed on October 15, 2024.

4. Will CLAT happen twice in 2024?

No, CLAT will only happen once in 2024. The exam will be held for the academic year 2025-26.

5. What is the pattern of CLAT exam 2025?

The pattern of CLAT 2025 is given by the Consortium of NLUs. As per the CLAT pattern, the exam will be held in offline mode. 120 multiple choice type questions will be asked from five subjects as mentioned in the CLAT syllabus. Each question carries one mark, and a negative marking of 0.25 marks will be applicable for each incorrect answer.

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Questions related to CLAT

Have a question related to CLAT ?

These are usually allowed in most formals including law school exams like CLAT. But again, it is advisable to check the dress code released by CLAT authorities.


It is generally formal or more of a conservative dress code for law exams. Third-quarter sleeved kurti can be formal, but avoid wearing a style which is too revealing or casual.


Here are some tips about how to dress appropriately for the CLAT exam:


Comfort: Choose clothes that could make you feel comfortable and help you stay focused during the exam.

Dress modestly. Avoid too revealing or tight clothes.

Go for simple and elegant clothes.

Wear formal footwear. Close-toe shoes or loafers work well.

If the doubts regarding the details of the dress code persist, then it would be advisable to contact the CLAT authority or refer to the official notification to ascertain the new guidelines.









Yes, IPU accepts the CLAT UG score for admission to its BA LLB (Hons.) programme.


Thus, if you have appeared for the CLAT UG exam and have obtained a good score, you can definitely apply for the BA LLB program at IPU.


However, the eligibility criteria for this year and cut-offs may vary. And it is mentioned on the official IPU site or can also be contacted directly with the concerned university.


Note: The admission procedure and criteria of the college may change every year; therefore, refer to the latest information regarding this.

Hello,

1. Check Confirmation Email and Receipt

After submitting your form and payment, confirm you received an email with your application ID and receipt. Also, check spam or junk folders.

2. Log in to CLAT Account

On the official CLAT website, log in and review your application. Look for confirmation of payment status—“Completed” or “Successful” indicates a likely acceptance.

3. Verify Application Status on Dashboard

The dashboard should show your application status. Look for terms like "Successfully Submitted" to confirm everything went through.

4. Review Form Details

Double-check that all form sections are filled correctly, and verify all uploaded documents. Errors here can cause rejection.

5. Contact CLAT Helpdesk

If your form status is unclear, reach out to CLAT’s official helpline for confirmation.

6. Watch for Correction Windows

Stay updated on the CLAT website or email for any form correction windows if needed.

Following these steps should help confirm your form’s acceptance.

Hope it helps !

Nlsiu Banglore is one of the most prestigious and highly ranked college, that make is difficult to secure a seat for many students. To get in to nlsiu in 2025, you must score 95+ marks  to have assurance of seat for general category. For other categories, the score is between 85-90 based on previous trends.

About 25% seats of Nlsiu Banglore are reserved for Karnataka Residents. So ,it makes more competition for other state students to get into ,as one - fourth seats are already reserved.

To get into nlsiu Banglore ,you really need to work very hard, as thousands of students sit for exam, and only few of them are selected, about 50-60 students form general category.

Go through the previous year question papers.

Make a proper time table and strictly follow and

Give as many mock tests before exam as you can give to assure good score in clat 2025.

All the best!


According to previous year trends If you are aiming nmims law Hyderabad you should score between 95–100 for the general category in CLAT 2025 .and between 80–85 for the SC/ST and OBC categories.also,nmims accepts LSAT score too for admission in law college.cutoff always depends on various factors and likely to change so try to score as much as you can.

Moreover,same score is also accepted in admission to top NLUs, candidates should score above 90 to get in nlu Hyderabad and A score of around 80–90 is considered decent and you may get admission to lower-ranked NLUs.

View All

Passage 1
Read the passage below and answer the following question.
Cheating is considered a criminal offence under the Indian Penal Code. It is done to gain profit or advantage from another person by using some deceitful means. The person who deceives another knows for the fact that it would place the other person in an unfair situation. Cheating as an offence can be made punishable under Section 420 of the IPC. Scope of Section 415 Cheating is defined under Section 415 of the Indian Penal Code as whoever fraudulently or dishonestly deceives a person to induce that person to deliver a property to any person or to consent to retain any property. If a person intentionally induces a person to do or omit to do any act which he would not have done if he was not deceived to do so and the act has caused harm to that person in body, mind, reputation, or property, then the person who fraudulently, dishonestly or intentionally induced the other person is said to cheat. Any dishonest concealment of facts that can deceive a person to do an act that he would not have done otherwise is also cheating within the meaning of this section. Essential Ingredients of Cheating requires · deception of any person. Fraudulently or dishonestly inducing that person to deliver any property to any person or to consent that any person shall retain any property; or · intentionally inducing a person to do or omit to do anything which he would not do or omit if he were not so deceived, and the act or omission causes or is likely to cause damage or harm to that person in body, mind, reputation or property.
Deceit– a tort arising from an untrue or false statement of facts which are made by a person, recklessly or knowingly, with an intention that it shall be acted upon by the other person, who would suffer damages as a result. 
Fraud – a false or untrue representation of the fact, that is made with the knowledge of its falsity or without the belief in its truth or a reckless statement that may or may not be true, with an intention to induce a person or individual to act independent of it with the result that the person acts on it and suffers damages and harm. In other words, it is a wrong act or criminal deception with an intention to result in financial or personal gain.
Question - 1 
D went to a moneylender, Z, for the loan. D intentionally pledges the gold article with Z taking the loan. D knows that the article is not made of gold. After a few days, D leaves the village. Decide.

 

Option: 1 None

Option: 2 None

Option: 3 None

Option: 4 None

Read the passage carefully and answer the question

The Contract should be performed by the promisor himself. However, in certain cases, it can also be performed by his agents or legal representatives. It all depends upon the intention of the parties. Normally a contract can be performed by the following persons. 

  1. Promisor himself: If from the nature of the contract it appears that it was the intention of the parties that the promise should be performed by the promisor himself, such promise must be performed by the promisor. This usually applies to contracts involving personal skill, task, or artwork. 
  2. Promisor or his Agent: Where the contract does not involve the personal skill of the promisor, the contract could be performed by the promisor himself or by any competent person employed by him for the purpose, 
  3. Legal Representatives: The contracts which do not involve any personal skill or taste, may be performed by his legal representative after the death of the promisor.
  4. Third Person: In some cases, a contract may be performed by a third person provided the promisee accepts the arrangement. According to Section 41 of the Indian Contract Act, once the promisee accepts the performance from a third person, he cannot compel the promisor to perform the contract again. 
  5. Performance of Joint Promises: According to section 42 of the Indian Contract Act, when two or more persons have made a joint promise, the joint promisors must fulfill the promise jointly during their lifetime. And if any one of them dies, then his legal representatives and survivors must jointly fulfill the promise. 

Section 43 of the Indian Contract Act further provides that unless a contrary intention appears from the contract, each joint promisor may compel every other joint promisor to contribute equally to the performance of the promise. If any joint promisor makes a default in such contribution, the remaining joint promisors must bear the loss arising from such default in equal shares.

Question:

Aman received a box of chocolates from Basant and promised to pay Rupees 5000. Later on, A becomes bankrupt. Chetan who is a friend of Aman pays rupees 1000 to Besant on behalf of Aman. Aman is not aware of such a transaction. In civil court, insolvency proceedings have started against Aman. Meanwhile, Basant has also applied for a recovery of 5000 rupees. Decide.

Option: 1

Basant is entitled to recover the amount of 5000 from Aman.


Option: 2

Basant is entitled to recover the amount of 4000 from Aman.


Option: 3

Chetan is entitled to recover the amount of 1000 from Basant.


Option: 4

Basant cannot recover any amount from Aman as he has become insolvent.


Read the passage carefully and answer the question

The Contract should be performed by the promisor himself. However, in certain cases, it can also be performed by his agents or legal representatives. It all depends upon the intention of the parties. Normally a contract can be performed by the following persons. 

  1. Promisor himself: If from the nature of the contract it appears that it was the intention of the parties that the promise should be performed by the promisor himself, such promise must be performed by the promisor. This usually applies to contracts involving personal skill, task, or artwork. 
  2. Promisor or his Agent: Where the contract does not involve the personal skill of the promisor, the contract could be performed by the promisor himself or by any competent person employed by him for the purpose, 
  3. Legal Representatives: The contracts which do not involve any personal skill or taste, may be performed by his legal representative after the death of the promisor.
  4. Third Person: In some cases, a contract may be performed by a third person provided the promisee accepts the arrangement. According to Section 41 of the Indian Contract Act, once the promisee accepts the performance from a third person, he cannot compel the promisor to perform the contract again. 
  5. Performance of Joint Promises: According to section 42 of the Indian Contract Act, when two or more persons have made a joint promise, the joint promisors must fulfill the promise jointly during their lifetime. And if any one of them dies, then his legal representatives and survivors must jointly fulfill the promise. 

Section 43 of the Indian Contract Act further provides that unless a contrary intention appears from the contract, each joint promisor may compel every other joint promisor to contribute equally to the performance of the promise. If any joint promisor makes a default in such contribution, the remaining joint promisors must bear the loss arising from such default in equal shares.

Question:

K promises to paint a picture for L on a certain day, at a certain price. K dies before the day of the contract. Decide. 

Option: 1

The contract can be enforced by K’s representative 


Option: 2

The contract can be enforced by L


Option: 3

The contract can be enforced either by K’s representation or by L 


Option: 4

The contract cannot be enforced either by K’s representative, or L


Read the passage carefully and answer the question

The Contract should be performed by the promisor himself. However, in certain cases, it can also be performed by his agents or legal representatives. It all depends upon the intention of the parties. Normally a contract can be performed by the following persons. 

  1. Promisor himself: If from the nature of the contract it appears that it was the intention of the parties that the promise should be performed by the promisor himself, such promise must be performed by the promisor. This usually applies to contracts involving personal skill, task, or artwork. 
  2. Promisor or his Agent: Where the contract does not involve the personal skill of the promisor, the contract could be performed by the promisor himself or by any competent person employed by him for the purpose, 
  3. Legal Representatives: The contracts which do not involve any personal skill or taste, may be performed by his legal representative after the death of the promisor.
  4. Third Person: In some cases, a contract may be performed by a third person provided the promisee accepts the arrangement. According to Section 41 of the Indian Contract Act, once the promisee accepts the performance from a third person, he cannot compel the promisor to perform the contract again. 
  5. Performance of Joint Promises: According to section 42 of the Indian Contract Act, when two or more persons have made a joint promise, the joint promisors must fulfill the promise jointly during their lifetime. And if any one of them dies, then his legal representatives and survivors must jointly fulfill the promise. 

Section 43 of the Indian Contract Act further provides that unless a contrary intention appears from the contract, each joint promisor may compel every other joint promisor to contribute equally to the performance of the promise. If any joint promisor makes a default in such contribution, the remaining joint promisors must bear the loss arising from such default in equal shares.

Question:

Rohan has agreed to manage the catering services during the marriage of Sohan’s son Ramu. On the day of marriage, Rohan felt ill and sent his manager to the management of catering services. Ramu happily gets married to Tina and people appreciated the food and decoration of the event. When Rohan asked Sohan for the remaining amount, he denied it because Rohan himself had not managed so it is a breach. Decide.

 

Option: 1

Rohan is not entitled to get the remaining amount due to a breach of contract.


Option: 2

Rohan is entitled to sue Sohan for the remaining amount.


Option: 3

Rohan is entitled to sue Ramu because it was his marriage.


Option: 4

Instead of Rohan, his manager can only sue Sohan for the breach.


Read the passage and answer the question that follow.

Natural justice is another name for common sense justice rules of natural justice are not in codified form these principles are embedded or ingrained or inbuilt in the conscience of human beings. It supplies the omission made in codified law and helps in the administration of justice. Natural justice is not only confined to ‘fairness’ it will take many shades and colours based on the context. Thus natural justice apart from ‘fairness’ also implies reasonableness, equity and equality. They are neither cast in a rigid mould nor can they be put in a legal straitjacket. These principles written by nature in the heart of mankind, they are immutable, inviolable, and inalienable.

It is true that the concept of natural justice is not very clear and, therefore, it is not possible to define it; yet the principles of natural justice are accepted and enforced. In the case of Ridge V. Baldwin Court observed that “in modern times have sometimes been expressed to the effect that natural justice is as vague as to be practically meaningless. But I would regard these as tainted by the perennial fallacy that because something cannot be cut and dried or nicely weighed or measured therefore it does not exist”. The term natural justice signifies fundamental rules of judicial procedure and fair play in action. According to Lord Widgery “the principles of natural justice were those fundamental rules; the breach will prevent justice from being seen to be done”. Earliest expression of ‘natural justice’ could be found in the philosophical expression of Roman Jurist (jus natural) and signified rules and principles for the conduct of man which were independent of enacted law or customs and could be discovered by the rational intelligence of man and would grow out of and conform to his nature.

The rule against bias that surfaced in 1610 in Dr Bonham's Casewhere Chief Justice Coke went so far as to say that the Court could declare an Act of Parliament void if it made a man as judge in his own cause, or otherwise ‘against common right and reason’. This was one of his grounds for disallowing the claim of the College of Physicians to fine and imprison Doctor Bonham, a Doctor of Physics of Cambridge University, for practising in the city of London without the licence of College of Physicians. The statute under which the College acted provided that fines should go half to the King half to the College so that the College had a financial interest in its own judgement and was judged in its own cause.

Question:

X is a student of a college and his father Y is a professor in the same college. In one instance, X is caught to be involved in unparliamentary activities inside the college campus. The enquiry committee is set up and Y is appointed as the head of the committee. Decide.

Option: 1

Y is a professor of the same college hence he can become a member of the enquiry committee


Option: 2

Y is X’s father hence he should not be a part of the enquiry committee


Option: 3

Y can be a part of the enquiry committee but cannot be its head


Option: 4

There is no rule that prevents the appointment of Y until he fulfils his function diligently


Read the passage and answer the question that follow.

Natural justice is another name for common sense justice rules of natural justice are not in codified form these principles are embedded or ingrained or inbuilt in the conscience of human beings. It supplies the omission made in codified law and helps in the administration of justice. Natural justice is not only confined to ‘fairness’ it will take many shades and colours based on the context. Thus natural justice apart from ‘fairness’ also implies reasonableness, equity and equality. They are neither cast in a rigid mould nor can they be put in a legal straitjacket. These principles written by nature in the heart of mankind, they are immutable, inviolable, and inalienable.

It is true that the concept of natural justice is not very clear and, therefore, it is not possible to define it; yet the principles of natural justice are accepted and enforced. In the case of Ridge V. Baldwin Court observed that “in modern times have sometimes been expressed to the effect that natural justice is as vague as to be practically meaningless. But I would regard these as tainted by the perennial fallacy that because something cannot be cut and dried or nicely weighed or measured therefore it does not exist”. The term natural justice signifies fundamental rules of judicial procedure and fair play in action. According to Lord Widgery “the principles of natural justice were those fundamental rules; the breach will prevent justice from being seen to be done”. Earliest expression of ‘natural justice’ could be found in the philosophical expression of Roman Jurist (jus natural) and signified rules and principles for the conduct of man which were independent of enacted law or customs and could be discovered by the rational intelligence of man and would grow out of and conform to his nature.

The rule against bias that surfaced in 1610 in Dr Bonham's Casewhere Chief Justice Coke went so far as to say that the Court could declare an Act of Parliament void if it made a man as judge in his own cause, or otherwise ‘against common right and reason’. This was one of his grounds for disallowing the claim of the College of Physicians to fine and imprison Doctor Bonham, a Doctor of Physics of Cambridge University, for practising in the city of London without the licence of College of Physicians. The statute under which the College acted provided that fines should go half to the King half to the College so that the College had a financial interest in its own judgement and was judged in its own cause.

Question:

Mr X is an employee of a corporate office. His wife Y is a judge. In one instance, X is found to be involved in a money laundering case at his office. The office now files a suit and Y is appointed as the judge for this case. Decide.

Option: 1

Y is a judge by herself, hence can be appointed to adjudicate this case


Option: 2

Y is can be appointed as a judge only if she fulfils her responsibilities without any bias


Option: 3

Y can adjudicate the case and if the company finds the penalty to be insufficient then they can appeal against it


Option: 4

Y cannot be the judge in this case ab initio


Read the passage and answer the question that follow.

Natural justice is another name for common sense justice rules of natural justice are not in codified form these principles are embedded or ingrained or inbuilt in the conscience of human beings. It supplies the omission made in codified law and helps in the administration of justice. Natural justice is not only confined to ‘fairness’ it will take many shades and colours based on the context. Thus natural justice apart from ‘fairness’ also implies reasonableness, equity and equality. They are neither cast in a rigid mould nor can they be put in a legal straitjacket. These principles written by nature in the heart of mankind, they are immutable, inviolable, and inalienable.

It is true that the concept of natural justice is not very clear and, therefore, it is not possible to define it; yet the principles of natural justice are accepted and enforced. In the case of Ridge V. Baldwin Court observed that “in modern times have sometimes been expressed to the effect that natural justice is as vague as to be practically meaningless. But I would regard these as tainted by the perennial fallacy that because something cannot be cut and dried or nicely weighed or measured therefore it does not exist”. The term natural justice signifies fundamental rules of judicial procedure and fair play in action. According to Lord Widgery “the principles of natural justice were those fundamental rules; the breach will prevent justice from being seen to be done”. Earliest expression of ‘natural justice’ could be found in the philosophical expression of Roman Jurist (jus natural) and signified rules and principles for the conduct of man which were independent of enacted law or customs and could be discovered by the rational intelligence of man and would grow out of and conform to his nature.

The rule against bias that surfaced in 1610 in Dr Bonham's Casewhere Chief Justice Coke went so far as to say that the Court could declare an Act of Parliament void if it made a man as judge in his own cause, or otherwise ‘against common right and reason’. This was one of his grounds for disallowing the claim of the College of Physicians to fine and imprison Doctor Bonham, a Doctor of Physics of Cambridge University, for practising in the city of London without the licence of College of Physicians. The statute under which the College acted provided that fines should go half to the King half to the College so that the College had a financial interest in its own judgement and was judged in its own cause.

Question:

X was a renowned cricketer in the 1980s. His son Y is a struggling cricketer who has been trying to get into the national team for many years. In the year 2020, X is appointed as a member of the selection committee. In the match which is supposed to decide the final team of the nation, Y scores a century and Z scores 65 runs. However, Z is selected to represent India and Y is not. Y now appeals against the decision, the main ground being the presence of X in the committee. Decide.

Option: 1

The appeal will stand as Y scored a century yet Z was selected after scoring 65 runs


Option: 2

The appeal will be quashed since X’s presence should have benefitted Y, but it didn’t, hence the rejection of Y is valid


Option: 3

The appeal will stand as X’s presence is a factor of bias


Option: 4

The appeal will be quashed since X was a renowned cricketer


Read the passage and answer the question that follow.

Natural justice is another name for common sense justice rules of natural justice are not in codified form these principles are embedded or ingrained or inbuilt in the conscience of human beings. It supplies the omission made in codified law and helps in the administration of justice. Natural justice is not only confined to ‘fairness’ it will take many shades and colours based on the context. Thus natural justice apart from ‘fairness’ also implies reasonableness, equity and equality. They are neither cast in a rigid mould nor can they be put in a legal straitjacket. These principles written by nature in the heart of mankind, they are immutable, inviolable, and inalienable.

It is true that the concept of natural justice is not very clear and, therefore, it is not possible to define it; yet the principles of natural justice are accepted and enforced. In the case of Ridge V. Baldwin Court observed that “in modern times have sometimes been expressed to the effect that natural justice is as vague as to be practically meaningless. But I would regard these as tainted by the perennial fallacy that because something cannot be cut and dried or nicely weighed or measured therefore it does not exist”. The term natural justice signifies fundamental rules of judicial procedure and fair play in action. According to Lord Widgery “the principles of natural justice were those fundamental rules; the breach will prevent justice from being seen to be done”. Earliest expression of ‘natural justice’ could be found in the philosophical expression of Roman Jurist (jus natural) and signified rules and principles for the conduct of man which were independent of enacted law or customs and could be discovered by the rational intelligence of man and would grow out of and conform to his nature.

The rule against bias that surfaced in 1610 in Dr Bonham's Casewhere Chief Justice Coke went so far as to say that the Court could declare an Act of Parliament void if it made a man as judge in his own cause, or otherwise ‘against common right and reason’. This was one of his grounds for disallowing the claim of the College of Physicians to fine and imprison Doctor Bonham, a Doctor of Physics of Cambridge University, for practising in the city of London without the licence of College of Physicians. The statute under which the College acted provided that fines should go half to the King half to the College so that the College had a financial interest in its own judgement and was judged in its own cause.

Question:

X is a married judge who is well known for his honesty in the entire city. He has a son Y. One fine day Y gets kidnapped and the kidnapper demands a sum of 20 lakhs from X. However, the kidnapper is caught by the police. X is now appointed as the judge for the hearing of the kidnapper. Decide.

Option: 1

X can be the judge since he can decide the punishment better as he was the sufferer


Option: 2

X cannot be the judge since there is a possibility that he will be biased while delivering the judgement


Option: 3

X can be the judge since he is renowned for his honesty and fulfil his duties


Option: 4

X can be the judge but his statement can be appealed against if delivered with bias


Read the passage and answer the question that follow.

Natural justice is another name for common sense justice rules of natural justice are not in codified form these principles are embedded or ingrained or inbuilt in the conscience of human beings. It supplies the omission made in codified law and helps in the administration of justice. Natural justice is not only confined to ‘fairness’ it will take many shades and colours based on the context. Thus natural justice apart from ‘fairness’ also implies reasonableness, equity and equality. They are neither cast in a rigid mould nor can they be put in a legal straitjacket. These principles written by nature in the heart of mankind, they are immutable, inviolable, and inalienable.

It is true that the concept of natural justice is not very clear and, therefore, it is not possible to define it; yet the principles of natural justice are accepted and enforced. In the case of Ridge V. Baldwin Court observed that “in modern times have sometimes been expressed to the effect that natural justice is as vague as to be practically meaningless. But I would regard these as tainted by the perennial fallacy that because something cannot be cut and dried or nicely weighed or measured therefore it does not exist”. The term natural justice signifies fundamental rules of judicial procedure and fair play in action. According to Lord Widgery “the principles of natural justice were those fundamental rules; the breach will prevent justice from being seen to be done”. Earliest expression of ‘natural justice’ could be found in the philosophical expression of Roman Jurist (jus natural) and signified rules and principles for the conduct of man which were independent of enacted law or customs and could be discovered by the rational intelligence of man and would grow out of and conform to his nature.

The rule against bias that surfaced in 1610 in Dr Bonham's Casewhere Chief Justice Coke went so far as to say that the Court could declare an Act of Parliament void if it made a man as judge in his own cause, or otherwise ‘against common right and reason’. This was one of his grounds for disallowing the claim of the College of Physicians to fine and imprison Doctor Bonham, a Doctor of Physics of Cambridge University, for practising in the city of London without the licence of College of Physicians. The statute under which the College acted provided that fines should go half to the King half to the College so that the College had a financial interest in its own judgement and was judged in its own cause.

Question:

X and Y have been married for five years. X is a judge and Y is a doctor. X is pretty much unhappy with his married life so he wants to divorce Y. Y refuses to agree to a divorce by mutual consent hence X files a suit against Y. Decide.

Option: 1

X cannot file a suit since he is a judge


Option: 2

X can file a suit against Y in legal capacity but not as a judge


Option: 3

X cannot file a divorce suit against Y since there is no valid ground for divorce


Option: 4

X can proceed with mutual consent but not contested divorce


Read the passage and answer the question that follow.

In the case of M/S Halonex Limited, 59-A Noida vs State of U.P., it was held that “In reply to the aforesaid submission, learned counsel for opposite party no.2 submitted that the case of the applicants that no amount is due from their side to the complainant is a matter of defence which cannot be considered at this stage. It has been submitted that the term 'entrustment' as used in Section 405 IPC has been given a wider interpretation. It has been submitted that the goods returned by the complainant to the Company for replacement or for reimbursement would be deemed to have been entrusted to the Company and as the applicants 2 & 3 were handling its affair they become responsible. To buttress the said submission, the learned counsel for the complainant drew the attention of the Court to a decision of the Apex Court in the case of Ram Narayan Popli Vs. Central Bureau of Investigation: (2003) 3 SCC 641, wherein it was observed that: "the term "entrustment" is not necessarily a term of law. It may have different implications in different contexts. In its most general signification all it imports is the handing over possession for some purpose which may not imply the conferring of any proprietary right at all." Attention was also drawn to an observation made in the judgment of the aforesaid case, where it was observed that: "to establish the charge of criminal breach of trust, the prosecution is not obliged to prove the precise mode of conversion, misappropriation or misapplication by the accused of the property entrusted to him or over which he has dominion. The principal ingredient of the offence being dishonest misappropriation or conversion which may not ordinarily be a matter of direct proof, entrustment of property and failure in breach of an obligation to account for the property entrusted if proved, may, in the light of other circumstances, justifiably lead to an inference of dishonest misappropriation or conversion”.

Question:

X tracks down an expensive necklace on the road. Not knowing to whom it belongs. X sells it promptly to a jeweller without attempting to find the owner or submitting the necklace to the authorities. Decide the liability of X.

Option: 1

Extortion


Option: 2

Criminal breach of trust


Option: 3

Theft


Option: 4

Criminal misappropriation of Property


Lawyer

A lawyer is a professional who practises law. An Individual in the lawyer career path defends his or her client's cases and makes arguments on his or her behalf in both criminal and civil proceedings. A lawyer may advise and assist clients on how they should handle their legal issues. An individual as a career in law in India is considered one of the most sought-after careers.

A lawyer's job requires inhibiting skills. It involves practical applications of abstract legal theories and knowledge to solve specialised individual problems or to facilitate the interests of those who hire a lawyer to perform legal services. Here, in this article, we will discuss how to become a lawyer after 10th, is lawyer a good career in India, and how to become a lawyer in India.

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