CLAT 2025 Question Paper Analysis: List of topics asked in each section

Section

Key Topics

English Language

Reading comprehension (literary/philosophical extracts), vocabulary (synonyms, antonyms, phrases), inference (author's intent, cause-effect), educational philosophy, character-building.

Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

International relations (BRICS, geopolitics), constitutional changes (Article 370, J&K), gender empowerment (women’s reservation), Indian history (Civil Disobedience), sports (Olympics 2024).

Legal Reasoning

Child rights (POCSO, criminal justice), environmental law (constitutional duties, Paris Agreement), contract law (void vs. voidable), intellectual property (Geographical Indications).

Logical Reasoning

Critical reasoning (social issues, consulting roles, mental health), seating arrangement puzzles, inferences, strengthening/weakening arguments, myths vs. facts.

Quantitative Techniques

Data interpretation (wage gaps, budgets), percentages, ratios, arithmetic (increases, interest), financial calculations (savings, expenses).

Section

Passage/Topic

Key Topics Tested

Brief Analysis Summary

English Language

Passage I: George Orwell’s “Why I Write”

Motives for writing; vocabulary (synonyms like "tumultuous"); inference on author's intent; cause-effect from childhood experiences.

Tests comprehension, motives (egoism, aesthetic, etc.); synonyms/antonyms; author's advocacy for contemporary treatment; implications of escaping early influences.

English Language

Passage II: Swami Vivekananda’s “Education”

True education (character-building, concentration); critiques of rote learning; vocabulary (assimilation); national needs (will power).

Emphasizes concentration as key to knowledge; aims of education (character, intellect, livelihood); holistic "all of the above" options; patriotic themes.

English Language

Passage III: R.K. Narayan’s “An Astrologer’s Day”

Descriptive vocabulary (dazzling, vociferousness); market trades/occupations; inferences on characters and timing.

Word meanings/phrases; negation in trades; specific recalls (e.g., groundnut seller's names); prophetic perceptions.

English Language

Passage IV: J. Krishnamurti’s “The right kind of Education”

Educational philosophy (love over ideals); vocabulary (volatile antonyms); teacher's attitude; consequences of conformity.

Parent/teacher qualities (observation, individual study); results of forcing ideals (fear/conflict); right education with love/understanding.

Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

Passage V: BRICS Summit 2024

International relations (BRICS, Indo-China dialogue); acronyms; critiques; geopolitical signals.

Outcomes (diplomatic de-escalation); "S" in BRICS (South Africa); Big Cats Alliance; Western critiques on divisions; multipolar world.

Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

Passage VI: Article 370 Abrogation & J&K Reorganization

Constitutional changes; UT structures; states/UTs count; capitals; false statements.

Special status; division into 2 UTs; legislative assemblies; current India map (28 states, 8 UTs); Leh as Ladakh capital; negations on facts.

Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

Passage VII: Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam 2023

Women's reservation; implementation (post-census); critiques on leadership/representation.

Force after census; inheritance in leadership; substantive vs. descriptive quotas; amendments for SC/ST women.

Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

Passage VIII: Civil Disobedience Movement

Historical events; roles of industrialists/workers/women; outcomes/dilemmas.

Dandi March start; concerns (disruption); Congress predicaments; major outcomes (women's participation).

Current Affairs Including General Knowledge

Passage IX: Paris Olympics 2024

Sports achievements (India's medals); peculiarities (post-pandemic); geopolitical backdrops.

Back-to-back hockey (Tokyo-Paris); uniqueness (river ceremony); conflicts (Israel-Hamas); highest tally (Tokyo); Seine River.

Legal Reasoning

Passage X: Children in Criminal Justice System

Child rights (victims/CICL); NCRB data; CJS objectives; POCSO; risks.

Issues faced (school difficulties, criminal behavior); deterrence; NCRB role; highest crimes (kidnapping); POCSO expansion; exposure risks.

Legal Reasoning

Passage XI: Environmental Protection in Constitution

42nd Amendment (DPSP/Duties); carbon commitments (Paris Agreement); SC verdicts; Article 21.

Changes in Duties/DPSP; binding commitments; 51A(g) scope; duties on state/citizens; treaty reasons; right to life.

Legal Reasoning

Passage XII: Contract Act - Void vs. Voidable

Contract definitions; void ab initio; scenarios (illegal, minor, no consideration).

Descriptions (no effect from start); illegal contracts (void); minor agreements (void); bribes (void); no consideration (void).

Legal Reasoning

Passage XIII: Geographical Indications (Truncated)

IP law; GIs protection (TRIPS); true/false statements.

Not true statements on GIs (protection scope).

Logical Reasoning

Passage XVI: Homelessness as a Global Issue

Social causes/myths; amplification (mental illness); stats (US homelessness).

True statements (perceptions); least causes (proper health care); myths (job difficulty as fact); approx. numbers (~580k).

Logical Reasoning

Passage XVII: Role of a Consultant

Business responsibilities (analysis, collaboration); methods (data/strategies); optimization (supply chain); communication/support.

Primary roles; close work (management); customized solutions; efficiency areas; communication importance; training support.

Logical Reasoning

Passage XVIII: Seating Arrangement Puzzle

Spatial relations (left/right, neighbors); deductions from clues.

Positions (respect to others); third/fifth right/left; immediate neighbors; data adequacy.

Logical Reasoning

Passage XIX: Lifestyle and Mental Health in India

Mental health correlates (tech, diet); arguments (technology skepticism); solutions/evidence gaps.

Titles (lifestyle/mental health); quote meanings; strengthening (relationships); solutions (limit foods); lacking evidence (English/family); explanations (logic vs. utility).

Quantitative Techniques

Passage XX: Gender Wage Gaps in India

Economic disparities; percentage calculations; trends/increases.

Wages from gaps (e.g., women in Goa); least wages; multiples (2.8x); hourly +48%; % increase (12%); correct statements.

Quantitative Techniques

Passage XXI: Mr. Das's Family Budget

Budget percentages; income/expenses; interest/savings goals; adjustments (inflation).

House-rent (18%); extra savings for goal; true comparisons (equal groups?); remainder after rent/savings; new savings % post-inflation; food/ent sum.

Category

Details

Time duration

2 hours

Mode

Offline mode (pen and paper-based mode)

Conducting Body

Consortium of National Law Universities (CNLU)

Subjects

English Language, Current Affairs including General Knowledge, Legal Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, and Quantitative Techniques

Type of questions

Objective-type questions

Number of questions

CLAT UG - 120 questions

Total marks in CLAT

120 marks (Both CLAT UG and CLAT PG)

CLAT UG marking scheme

Correct answer - 1 mark

Incorrect answer - 0.25 marks deduction

Unattempted questions - No negative marking

Language

English